ELA23
Commas
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Sign inDEFINITION:
a punctuation mark (,) indicating a pause between parts of a sentence. It is also used to separate items in a list and to mark the place of thousands in a large numeral.
HOW TO:
After setting the scene at the beginning of a sentence (e.g., Now I’m older, I am grateful.) After transitional phrases such as However, Consequently, or As a result (e.g., As a result, I now agree.) After an interjection (e.g., Jeepers, now I am afraid.) Before a conjunction linking two independent clauses (e.g., I like cake, and I like ice cream.) As parentheses (e.g., Jane and John Bates, who live next door, adore my children.) To separate items on a list (e.g., bread, juice and meat / bread, meat and cheese (In a long subject if it helps the reader (e.g., A, B, C, and D, are required to build a car.) In numbers (e.g., 3,244) Together with the vocative case (e.g., I know your auntie, Jean.) Before a quotation (e.g., She said, “I agree.”
Everyday Use:
Commas are used daily in reading and writing
Standards
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.3.2.C — Use commas and quotation marks in dialogue.
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.4.2.C — Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence.
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.2.2.B — Use commas in greetings and closings of letters.
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.8.2.A — Use punctuation (comma, ellipsis, dash) to indicate a pause or break.
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.7.2.A — Use a comma to separate coordinate adjectives (e.g., It was a fascinating, enjoyable movie but not He wore an old[,] green shirt).
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.6.2.A — Use punctuation (commas, parentheses, dashes) to set off nonrestrictive/parenthetical elements.*